California
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| Strategy Name | Strategy Type(s) | Year | Funding Amount | Funding Source | Features at a Glance | |
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"Baby" Proposition C
In 2018, 51% of San Francisco voters approved Proposition C ("Baby" Prop C), a Commercial Rent Tax for Child Care and Early Education. The proposition authorized an additional tax on commercial property and leases with annual gross receipts over $1 million; nonprofits and other small businesses are exempt. 85% of the revenue generated by this tax is designated for child care and early education. The remaining 15% is deposited in the city/county General Fund for other city-approved uses. The tax is expected to generate approximately $146 million annually to support child care and early education; these funds may be used to:
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2018 | $146 million annually |
City Dedicated Funding Stream
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Tax is expected to generate approximately $146 million annually to support early education
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In 2018, 51% of San Francisco voters approved Proposition C ("Baby" Prop C), a Commercial Rent Tax for Child Care and Early Education. The proposition authorized an additional tax on commercial property and leases with annual gross receipts over $1 million; nonprofits and other small businesses are exempt. 85% of the revenue generated by this tax is designated for child care and early education. The remaining 15% is deposited in the city/county General Fund for other city-approved uses. The tax is expected to generate approximately $146 million annually to support child care and early education; these funds may be used to:
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California Universal Prekindergarten
In 2021, California legislators approved a plan to provide universal prekindergarten (UPK) to all four-year-olds and targeted pre-K to income-eligible three-year-olds in the state by 2025-26. California UPK employs a mixed-delivery system that comprises programs across the early care and education ecosystem, including the California State Preschool Program (CSPP) and transitional kindergarten (TK), which are both offered by the California Department of Education; Head Start; family child care; private preschools; and community-based organizations. The rollout of UPK is supported by the Universal Prekindergarten Mixed Delivery Planning Grant, which funds local working groups in each county to align plans to expand UPK with those of local education agencies and the county office of education.
Most of the funding for UPK was allocated to expand transitional kindergarten, a free state-wide prekindergarten program for all four-year-olds, regardless of family income. TK programs are administered by K-12 public school districts in California and constitute the first year of a two-year program whose second year is kindergarten. They use a modified kindergarten curriculum, which is aligned with the California Preschool Learning Foundations developed by the California Department of Education. In TK alone, California public schools will serve around 300,000 four-year-olds by 2025-26.
LEARN MORE: CALIFORNIA UNIVERSAL PRE-K
Sources:
San Francisco Department of Early Childhood. (n.d.). Universal Pre-K FAQ.
Leung-Gagné, M., & Melnick, H. (2023). Assessing the phase-in of California’s ambitious universal prekindergarten program. EdSource.
Leung-Gagné, M., Wang, V., Melnick, H., & Mauerman, C. (2023). How Are California School Districts Planning for Universal Prekindergarten? Results From a 2022 Survey. Learning Policy Institute.
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2021 | $2 billion in FY22 |
State-Funded Pre-K
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Expands universal prekindergarten to all four-year-olds and targeted prekindergarten to income-eligible three-year-olds in the state by 2025-26
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In 2021, California legislators approved a plan to provide universal prekindergarten (UPK) to all four-year-olds and targeted pre-K to income-eligible three-year-olds in the state by 2025-26. California UPK employs a mixed-delivery system that comprises programs across the early care and education ecosystem, including the California State Preschool Program (CSPP) and transitional kindergarten (TK), which are both offered by the California Department of Education; Head Start; family child care; private preschools; and community-based organizations. The rollout of UPK is supported by the Universal Prekindergarten Mixed Delivery Planning Grant, which funds local working groups in each county to align plans to expand UPK with those of local education agencies and the county office of education.
Most of the funding for UPK was allocated to expand transitional kindergarten, a free state-wide prekindergarten program for all four-year-olds, regardless of family income. TK programs are administered by K-12 public school districts in California and constitute the first year of a two-year program whose second year is kindergarten. They use a modified kindergarten curriculum, which is aligned with the California Preschool Learning Foundations developed by the California Department of Education. In TK alone, California public schools will serve around 300,000 four-year-olds by 2025-26.
LEARN MORE: CALIFORNIA UNIVERSAL PRE-K
Sources:
San Francisco Department of Early Childhood. (n.d.). Universal Pre-K FAQ.
Leung-Gagné, M., & Melnick, H. (2023). Assessing the phase-in of California’s ambitious universal prekindergarten program. EdSource.
Leung-Gagné, M., Wang, V., Melnick, H., & Mauerman, C. (2023). How Are California School Districts Planning for Universal Prekindergarten? Results From a 2022 Survey. Learning Policy Institute.
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Child Care and Development Infrastructure Grant Program
In 2021, California Governor Gavin Newsom signed Assembly Bill No. 131 into law. The bill includes $579 million in funding for child care and preschool providers, including $250 million in infrastructure grants to build or renovate child care facilities, with a focus on underserved areas. This law establishes the Early Learning and Care Infrastructure Grant Program under the administration of the Superintendent of Public Instruction to expand access to early learning and care opportunities for children up to five years of age by providing resources to build new facilities or retrofit, renovate, or expand existing facilities. This law appropriates $245,000,000 from the General Fund to the State Department of Education for these purposes, to be released on a prescribed schedule. The Early Learning and Care Infrastructure Grant Fund offers up to $1.5 million for Child Care and Development Centers and up to $100,000 for Family Child Care homes.
The grant can be used to increase licensed spaces by renovating or building out an existing facility by adding classrooms, constructing a brand-new center-based facility, replacing a facility lost due to a state or federally declared disaster, or expanding Small Family Child Care Homes to Large Family Child Care Homes.
Learn More: child care and development Infrastructure Grant Program
Sources:Northern California Small Business Development Center. (n.d.). Infrastructure Grant ProgramCalifornia Legislature. (n.d.). AB-131 Child Development Programs.Office of Governor Gavin Newsom. (2021). Governor Newsom Signs Legislation Supporting Working Families and Child Care Providers.California Department of Social Services. (n.d.). New Construction and Major Renovation.
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2021 | $579 million annually |
Preschool Development Grant Birth through Five
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Ongoing funding
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In 2021, California Governor Gavin Newsom signed Assembly Bill No. 131 into law. The bill includes $579 million in funding for child care and preschool providers, including $250 million in infrastructure grants to build or renovate child care facilities, with a focus on underserved areas. This law establishes the Early Learning and Care Infrastructure Grant Program under the administration of the Superintendent of Public Instruction to expand access to early learning and care opportunities for children up to five years of age by providing resources to build new facilities or retrofit, renovate, or expand existing facilities. This law appropriates $245,000,000 from the General Fund to the State Department of Education for these purposes, to be released on a prescribed schedule. The Early Learning and Care Infrastructure Grant Fund offers up to $1.5 million for Child Care and Development Centers and up to $100,000 for Family Child Care homes.
The grant can be used to increase licensed spaces by renovating or building out an existing facility by adding classrooms, constructing a brand-new center-based facility, replacing a facility lost due to a state or federally declared disaster, or expanding Small Family Child Care Homes to Large Family Child Care Homes.
Learn More: child care and development Infrastructure Grant Program
Sources:Northern California Small Business Development Center. (n.d.). Infrastructure Grant ProgramCalifornia Legislature. (n.d.). AB-131 Child Development Programs.Office of Governor Gavin Newsom. (2021). Governor Newsom Signs Legislation Supporting Working Families and Child Care Providers.California Department of Social Services. (n.d.). New Construction and Major Renovation.
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Child Care Facilities Fund
In 1998, the San Francisco Mayor’s Office, Department of Human Services, and Mayor’s Office of Community Development partnered with private foundations, other funders, and the Low-Income Housing Fund (now the Low-Income Investment Fund), to launch the Child Care Facilities Fund (CCFF). CCFF creates opportunity for low-income families and improves both center- and family-based child care facilities in the City and County of San Francisco and Alameda County. The program administers various grant programs differentiated by setting type and has invested approximately $15 million annually through a combination of City General Funds, City Public Education Enrichment Funds, State CalWORKs funds, and funding from the Child Care Developer Fee, programmed as the Child Care Capital Fund, and neighborhood area plan child care development impact fees. In 2022, the program requested a new grant agreement for 2022 to 2024 in the amount of $83,151,138 from county funds (98% of funding), state funds (0.7% of funding), and federal funds (1.3% of funding).
Center-based providers are eligible for a Pre-Development Grant Program, Renovation and Repair Grant Program, and Capital New Development Grant Program. Pre-development grants up to $20,000 per facility are awarded for planning and pre-development costs such as feasibility studies, business plan development, permits, architectural services and related costs, as well as consultant(s) to assist with physical development and licensing. The Renovation and Repair program awards grants of up to $100,000 per facility. Capital New Development grants of up to $200,000 may be used for planning and pre-development costs; building purchases; construction costs, renovation costs, or equipment purchases that increase or maintain the number of child care slots; consultant(s) to assist with the physical development and licensing of the facility; equipment purchases; and quality improvements on a case-by-case basis.
Family child care providers are eligible for two grant programs: Expansion Grants and Renovation and Repair Grants. Expansion Grants support providers expanding from a small family child care business (serving 6-8 children) to a larger one (serving 12-14 children). Grants of up to $15,000 per facility may be used for facility improvements, construction and renovation associated with licensing and fire code requirements for a large family child care facility, and the purchase of materials and equipment. Renovation grants of up to $10,000 per facility are available for family care providers to cover one-time costs associated with health, safety, and accessibility improvements.
Learn more about the child care facilities fund
Source: LIIF. (n.d.). Child care facilities fund.
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1998 | $83 million total from 2022 to 2024 |
City Dedicated Funding Stream
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Ongoing funding
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In 1998, the San Francisco Mayor’s Office, Department of Human Services, and Mayor’s Office of Community Development partnered with private foundations, other funders, and the Low-Income Housing Fund (now the Low-Income Investment Fund), to launch the Child Care Facilities Fund (CCFF). CCFF creates opportunity for low-income families and improves both center- and family-based child care facilities in the City and County of San Francisco and Alameda County. The program administers various grant programs differentiated by setting type and has invested approximately $15 million annually through a combination of City General Funds, City Public Education Enrichment Funds, State CalWORKs funds, and funding from the Child Care Developer Fee, programmed as the Child Care Capital Fund, and neighborhood area plan child care development impact fees. In 2022, the program requested a new grant agreement for 2022 to 2024 in the amount of $83,151,138 from county funds (98% of funding), state funds (0.7% of funding), and federal funds (1.3% of funding).
Center-based providers are eligible for a Pre-Development Grant Program, Renovation and Repair Grant Program, and Capital New Development Grant Program. Pre-development grants up to $20,000 per facility are awarded for planning and pre-development costs such as feasibility studies, business plan development, permits, architectural services and related costs, as well as consultant(s) to assist with physical development and licensing. The Renovation and Repair program awards grants of up to $100,000 per facility. Capital New Development grants of up to $200,000 may be used for planning and pre-development costs; building purchases; construction costs, renovation costs, or equipment purchases that increase or maintain the number of child care slots; consultant(s) to assist with the physical development and licensing of the facility; equipment purchases; and quality improvements on a case-by-case basis.
Family child care providers are eligible for two grant programs: Expansion Grants and Renovation and Repair Grants. Expansion Grants support providers expanding from a small family child care business (serving 6-8 children) to a larger one (serving 12-14 children). Grants of up to $15,000 per facility may be used for facility improvements, construction and renovation associated with licensing and fire code requirements for a large family child care facility, and the purchase of materials and equipment. Renovation grants of up to $10,000 per facility are available for family care providers to cover one-time costs associated with health, safety, and accessibility improvements.
Learn more about the child care facilities fund
Source: LIIF. (n.d.). Child care facilities fund.
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Community College Tuition Partnership Program
In 2022, the San Diego County Office of Education (SDCOE) established the Community College Tuition Partnership Program, which is funded by the San Diego Quality Preschool Initiative (SDQPI) and First 5 San Diego. SDCOE partners with community colleges across the county to offer free tuition for early childhood educators to attain their associate degree in child development. The program also covers costs associated with technology, books, and other necessary resources. Those eligible for tuition assistance include teachers, instructional aides, support staff, and administrators employed at sites that participate in SDQPI.
Sources:
San Diego County Office of Education. (n.d.). Workforce Investment Program Tuition Assistance.
San Diego County Office of Education. (2022). SDQPI and First 5 San Diego Partner to Provide Free Tuition to Early Education Providers.
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2022 |
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Partnership with community colleges across the county to offer free tuition for early childhood educators to attain their associate degree in child development
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In 2022, the San Diego County Office of Education (SDCOE) established the Community College Tuition Partnership Program, which is funded by the San Diego Quality Preschool Initiative (SDQPI) and First 5 San Diego. SDCOE partners with community colleges across the county to offer free tuition for early childhood educators to attain their associate degree in child development. The program also covers costs associated with technology, books, and other necessary resources. Those eligible for tuition assistance include teachers, instructional aides, support staff, and administrators employed at sites that participate in SDQPI.
Sources:
San Diego County Office of Education. (n.d.). Workforce Investment Program Tuition Assistance.
San Diego County Office of Education. (2022). SDQPI and First 5 San Diego Partner to Provide Free Tuition to Early Education Providers.
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Compensation and Retention for Early Educators Stipend (CARES 3.0)
First implemented as CARES 2.0 using funds from fiscal years 2017 and 2018, CARES 3.0 is the newest version of a stipend program designed to support more than 2,000 early educators working across San Francisco's city-funded center-based and family child care (FCC) programs. The city anticipates investing $60 million annually to support this program. To be eligible for stipends, educators must:
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2017 | $60 million annually |
City Dedicated Funding Stream
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$4,000 – $39,100 per educator or FCC owner per year, depending on several factors
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First implemented as CARES 2.0 using funds from fiscal years 2017 and 2018, CARES 3.0 is the newest version of a stipend program designed to support more than 2,000 early educators working across San Francisco's city-funded center-based and family child care (FCC) programs. The city anticipates investing $60 million annually to support this program. To be eligible for stipends, educators must:
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Family Child Care Apprenticeship
The California Service Employees International Union (SEIU) Early Educator Apprenticeship Program provides apprenticeships for educators in family child care (FCC), center-based child care, and Head Start programs. The FCC Apprenticeship provides training for family child care providers and covers the cost of tuition, books, a laptop, a Child Development Permit application, and the required background check. Participants receive monthly "wage enhancements" of $100 to $450 after completing four months of the program. The program is run as a cohort model, and coaches visit apprentices twice per month. FCC apprentices earn credentials that culminate in California’s Child Development Permits. Permits are not mandated for licensed FCC providers, but FCC providers who choose to enroll in the state’s Quality Rating Improvement System, Quality Counts California, will earn points tied to funding as they obtain credentials. Funding comes mostly from state and federal initiatives for workforce development. Since its inception, Early Educator Apprenticeship Program staff have raised over $4 million in grant funding, primarily from the California Apprenticeship Initiative and the Workforce Accelerator Fund, with roughly $1.2 million supporting the FCC program. The program has been supported by two California Apprenticeship Initiative grants, four Workforce Accelerator Fund grants, and in-kind donations from individual program sponsors.
Learn More: California Department of Education
Sources:
Franchino, E. (2020). An Apprenticeship in California Designed for Family Child Care Providers. New America.
Center for the Study of Child Care Employment. (2019). Strengthening the Knowledge, Skills, and Professional Identity of Early Educators.
Learning Policy Institute. (2019). Promising Models for Preparing a Diverse, High-Quality Early Childhood Workforce.
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$4 million |
State-funded program
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The California Service Employees International Union (SEIU) Early Educator Apprenticeship Program provides apprenticeships for educators in family child care (FCC), center-based child care, and Head Start programs. The FCC Apprenticeship provides training for family child care providers and covers the cost of tuition, books, a laptop, a Child Development Permit application, and the required background check. Participants receive monthly "wage enhancements" of $100 to $450 after completing four months of the program. The program is run as a cohort model, and coaches visit apprentices twice per month. FCC apprentices earn credentials that culminate in California’s Child Development Permits. Permits are not mandated for licensed FCC providers, but FCC providers who choose to enroll in the state’s Quality Rating Improvement System, Quality Counts California, will earn points tied to funding as they obtain credentials. Funding comes mostly from state and federal initiatives for workforce development. Since its inception, Early Educator Apprenticeship Program staff have raised over $4 million in grant funding, primarily from the California Apprenticeship Initiative and the Workforce Accelerator Fund, with roughly $1.2 million supporting the FCC program. The program has been supported by two California Apprenticeship Initiative grants, four Workforce Accelerator Fund grants, and in-kind donations from individual program sponsors.
Learn More: California Department of Education
Sources:
Franchino, E. (2020). An Apprenticeship in California Designed for Family Child Care Providers. New America.
Center for the Study of Child Care Employment. (2019). Strengthening the Knowledge, Skills, and Professional Identity of Early Educators.
Learning Policy Institute. (2019). Promising Models for Preparing a Diverse, High-Quality Early Childhood Workforce.
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Keeping Kids Close to Home Act
SB 234, known as the Keeping Kids Close to Home Act, is a California law passed in 2019 that prohibits localities from requiring family child care (FCC) providers to obtain a zoning permit or business license to operate a child care program in their home. The law also states that landlords cannot evict FCC providers or refuse to rent to them because they plan to operate a child care business out of their home. This applies to small FCC providers, who care for up to eight children, and large FCC providers, who care for up to 14 children.
The Keeping Kids Close to Home Act also specifies that home-based child care programs can operate in many types of residences, including single-family homes, condominiums, apartments, townhomes, duplexes, and all other multi-family buildings. It went into effect on January 1, 2020.
LEARN MORE: KEEPING KIDS CLOSE TO HOME ACT
Sources:
Child Care Law Center. (n.d.). Know the Law: The Keeping Kids Close to Home Act.
Sullivan, E. T. (2023). New State Laws Will Ease Housing Burdens on Home-Based Child Care Providers. EdSurge.
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Law passed in 2019 prohibits localities from requiring family child care providers to obtain a zoning permit or business license to operate a child care program in their home
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SB 234, known as the Keeping Kids Close to Home Act, is a California law passed in 2019 that prohibits localities from requiring family child care (FCC) providers to obtain a zoning permit or business license to operate a child care program in their home. The law also states that landlords cannot evict FCC providers or refuse to rent to them because they plan to operate a child care business out of their home. This applies to small FCC providers, who care for up to eight children, and large FCC providers, who care for up to 14 children.
The Keeping Kids Close to Home Act also specifies that home-based child care programs can operate in many types of residences, including single-family homes, condominiums, apartments, townhomes, duplexes, and all other multi-family buildings. It went into effect on January 1, 2020.
LEARN MORE: KEEPING KIDS CLOSE TO HOME ACT
Sources:
Child Care Law Center. (n.d.). Know the Law: The Keeping Kids Close to Home Act.
Sullivan, E. T. (2023). New State Laws Will Ease Housing Burdens on Home-Based Child Care Providers. EdSurge.
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Oakland Children’s Initiative
The Oakland Children’s Initiative (Measure AA) was approved by voters in November 2018 and was upheld by the courts in 2021. This charter amendment authorizes the City of Oakland to collect $198 per year in parcel tax on single-family homes, and $135.25 per year per unit of multi-unit residences, from FY 2019-20 to FY 2048-49. This will produce around $35 million annually in funding for early care and education and college preparedness programs for Oakland residents for the next 30 years. Qualifying low-income households can be exempted from the parcel tax.
Sixty-two percent of the tax revenue is used to expand access to and quality of early education and child care. Another seven percent is used for oversight and accountability, including the cost of operating the mayor-appointed Citizens’ Oversight Commission, which administers audits, implementation planning, and outreach.
Oakland leaders aim to use this revenue to deliver preschool to all 3- and 4-year-olds in the city within a decade. For now, initial investments will improve facilities serving 3- and 4-year-olds and provide staffing support. The funds will also provide professional development, training, and coaching for early educators, as well as increase access to classroom materials and technology.
Measure AA was entangled in legal battles following its initial approval by 62% of voters. Although the measure specified that it needed two-thirds approval to pass, the City Council later determined that only a simple majority, or 50%, was needed. In January 2019, the Oakland Jobs and Housing Coalition, along with a group of property owners, sued the City of Oakland, arguing that the City Council certified Measure AA unlawfully, given that it failed to earn support from two-thirds of the voters. But in December 2021, a California appeals court upheld the measure’s passage on the legal grounds that citizen-led ballot initiatives need only a simple majority, regardless of the language on the ballot.
LEARN MORE: OAKLAND CHILDREN'S INITIATIVE
Sources:
City of Oakland. (2018). Measure AA.
Ballotpedia. (2018). Oakland, California, Measure AA, Education Parcel Tax Charter Amendment.
New America. (2023). In the San Francisco Bay Area, Two New Funds Support Early Care and Education.
First 5 Alameda County. (n.d.). Ballot Measures.
Oakland North. (2019). Lawsuit challenges Oakland’s certification of education funding tax Measure AA.
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2018 | $35 million annually |
City Dedicated Funding Stream
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Parcel tax contributes over $30 million annually toward Oakland early care and education and college preparedness programs
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The Oakland Children’s Initiative (Measure AA) was approved by voters in November 2018 and was upheld by the courts in 2021. This charter amendment authorizes the City of Oakland to collect $198 per year in parcel tax on single-family homes, and $135.25 per year per unit of multi-unit residences, from FY 2019-20 to FY 2048-49. This will produce around $35 million annually in funding for early care and education and college preparedness programs for Oakland residents for the next 30 years. Qualifying low-income households can be exempted from the parcel tax.
Sixty-two percent of the tax revenue is used to expand access to and quality of early education and child care. Another seven percent is used for oversight and accountability, including the cost of operating the mayor-appointed Citizens’ Oversight Commission, which administers audits, implementation planning, and outreach.
Oakland leaders aim to use this revenue to deliver preschool to all 3- and 4-year-olds in the city within a decade. For now, initial investments will improve facilities serving 3- and 4-year-olds and provide staffing support. The funds will also provide professional development, training, and coaching for early educators, as well as increase access to classroom materials and technology.
Measure AA was entangled in legal battles following its initial approval by 62% of voters. Although the measure specified that it needed two-thirds approval to pass, the City Council later determined that only a simple majority, or 50%, was needed. In January 2019, the Oakland Jobs and Housing Coalition, along with a group of property owners, sued the City of Oakland, arguing that the City Council certified Measure AA unlawfully, given that it failed to earn support from two-thirds of the voters. But in December 2021, a California appeals court upheld the measure’s passage on the legal grounds that citizen-led ballot initiatives need only a simple majority, regardless of the language on the ballot.
LEARN MORE: OAKLAND CHILDREN'S INITIATIVE
Sources:
City of Oakland. (2018). Measure AA.
Ballotpedia. (2018). Oakland, California, Measure AA, Education Parcel Tax Charter Amendment.
New America. (2023). In the San Francisco Bay Area, Two New Funds Support Early Care and Education.
First 5 Alameda County. (n.d.). Ballot Measures.
Oakland North. (2019). Lawsuit challenges Oakland’s certification of education funding tax Measure AA.
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Program for Infant/Toddler Care
California offers various professional development resources provided by the Early Learning and Care Division (ELCD) to train professionals in the childcare field, including the Program for Infant/Toddler Care (PITC), which leads institutes for child care professionals on topics such as social-emotional development, quality group care, cognitive and language development, and cultural and family issues. The PITC program offers subsidized on-site training, mentoring and coaching to eligible child care programs in California. Through these programs, care providers, teachers, program directors and home visitors can access interactive training services and events, technical assistance, and coaching. Companion CDE resources are also available to in-home and family child care providers, infant/toddler care teachers, program directors and home visitors. There is also an Academy for Family Child Care (FCC), which includes a six-session virtual training on the unique assets and challenges of FCC and specialized training to support infant/toddler care.
Learn More: California Early Learning and Care Division Professional Development Training
Sources:
California Department of Education. (n.d.). Professional Development Training.
Program for Infant Toddler Care. (n.d.).
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Includes training, coaching, and mentoring
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California offers various professional development resources provided by the Early Learning and Care Division (ELCD) to train professionals in the childcare field, including the Program for Infant/Toddler Care (PITC), which leads institutes for child care professionals on topics such as social-emotional development, quality group care, cognitive and language development, and cultural and family issues. The PITC program offers subsidized on-site training, mentoring and coaching to eligible child care programs in California. Through these programs, care providers, teachers, program directors and home visitors can access interactive training services and events, technical assistance, and coaching. Companion CDE resources are also available to in-home and family child care providers, infant/toddler care teachers, program directors and home visitors. There is also an Academy for Family Child Care (FCC), which includes a six-session virtual training on the unique assets and challenges of FCC and specialized training to support infant/toddler care.
Learn More: California Early Learning and Care Division Professional Development Training
Sources:
California Department of Education. (n.d.). Professional Development Training.
Program for Infant Toddler Care. (n.d.).
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San Francisco Department of Early Childhood
In July 2022, Mayor London Breed launched the San Francisco Department of Early Childhood (DEC), dedicating $300 million annually to support the city’s goal of providing universal early education and care to all young children. The bulk of the revenue comes from the Commercial Rents Tax (also referred to as the Early Care and Education Commercial Rents Tax). DEC is the result of a merger of two existing city departments, First 5 and the Office of Early Care and Education.
Learn more/source: San Francisco Department of Early Childhood
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2022 | $300 million annually |
City Dedicated Funding Stream
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City and county partnership
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In July 2022, Mayor London Breed launched the San Francisco Department of Early Childhood (DEC), dedicating $300 million annually to support the city’s goal of providing universal early education and care to all young children. The bulk of the revenue comes from the Commercial Rents Tax (also referred to as the Early Care and Education Commercial Rents Tax). DEC is the result of a merger of two existing city departments, First 5 and the Office of Early Care and Education.
Learn more/source: San Francisco Department of Early Childhood
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San Francisco Public Education Enrichment Fund
In 2004, San Francisco voters approved the ballot measure Proposition H by 71%, establishing the Public Education Enrichment Fund (PEEF) as law within the City Charter. The PEEF supports the design and implementation of diverse educational programs for San Francisco’s youth, and is funded annually by the City of San Francisco’s discretionary General Fund.
One-third of the PEEF—approximately $20 million per year—is allocated to expanding and supporting early care and education programs in San Francisco. In the years following Proposition H’s passage, funds were distributed to First 5 San Francisco to create Preschool for All (PFA), with the goal of ensuring that all San Francisco four-year-olds could attend high-quality preschool. In July 2015, administration of these funds was transferred from First 5 San Francisco to the city’s Office of Early Care and Education, which has used the funds to expand access to preschool for children between the ages of three and five years who are city residents.
The remaining two-thirds of the Public Education Enrichment Fund is allocated to the San Francisco Unified School District.
LEARN MORE: PUBLIC EDUCATION ENRICHMENT FUND (PEEF)
Sources:
San Francisco Unified School District. (n.d.). Public Education Enrichment Fund (PEEF)
City of San Francisco. (n.d.). Public Education Enrichment Fund (PEEF).
San Francisco Human Services Agency. (2016). San Francisco Citywide Plan for Early Care and Education.
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2004 | $20 million annually |
City Dedicated Funding Stream
City of San Francisco General Fund
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Fund contributes approximately $20 million per year toward San Francisco early education expansion and support efforts
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In 2004, San Francisco voters approved the ballot measure Proposition H by 71%, establishing the Public Education Enrichment Fund (PEEF) as law within the City Charter. The PEEF supports the design and implementation of diverse educational programs for San Francisco’s youth, and is funded annually by the City of San Francisco’s discretionary General Fund.
One-third of the PEEF—approximately $20 million per year—is allocated to expanding and supporting early care and education programs in San Francisco. In the years following Proposition H’s passage, funds were distributed to First 5 San Francisco to create Preschool for All (PFA), with the goal of ensuring that all San Francisco four-year-olds could attend high-quality preschool. In July 2015, administration of these funds was transferred from First 5 San Francisco to the city’s Office of Early Care and Education, which has used the funds to expand access to preschool for children between the ages of three and five years who are city residents.
The remaining two-thirds of the Public Education Enrichment Fund is allocated to the San Francisco Unified School District.
LEARN MORE: PUBLIC EDUCATION ENRICHMENT FUND (PEEF)
Sources:
San Francisco Unified School District. (n.d.). Public Education Enrichment Fund (PEEF)
City of San Francisco. (n.d.). Public Education Enrichment Fund (PEEF).
San Francisco Human Services Agency. (2016). San Francisco Citywide Plan for Early Care and Education.
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The Pilot Early Childhood & Special Education Apprenticeship Program
Established in 2021, the Pilot Early Childhood & Special Education Apprenticeship Program in San Francisco is a formal partnership between the City College of San Francisco Child Development and Family Studies Department and San Francisco Unified School District. Apprentices begin as an Early Childhood Teaching Assistant, a Transitional Kindergarten Teaching Assistant or a Special Education Paraprofessional working in pre-K and kindergarten classrooms. All programs include training in special education. The apprenticeship has two tracks that each last up to 34 months, and both lead to an Early Childhood Teaching Permit. The program provides 2,000 hours of on-the-job training, and participants can take courses at City College of San Francisco. The program receives $800,000 in funding from the Strong Workforce Program.
Learn More: City College of San Francisco Early Childhood & Special Education Apprenticeship
Sources:
City College of San Francisco. (n.d.). Early Childhood & Special Education Apprenticeship.
City College of San Francisco. (n.d.). Strong Workforce Program Strategic Plan 2020-2023
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City partnership with local college
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Established in 2021, the Pilot Early Childhood & Special Education Apprenticeship Program in San Francisco is a formal partnership between the City College of San Francisco Child Development and Family Studies Department and San Francisco Unified School District. Apprentices begin as an Early Childhood Teaching Assistant, a Transitional Kindergarten Teaching Assistant or a Special Education Paraprofessional working in pre-K and kindergarten classrooms. All programs include training in special education. The apprenticeship has two tracks that each last up to 34 months, and both lead to an Early Childhood Teaching Permit. The program provides 2,000 hours of on-the-job training, and participants can take courses at City College of San Francisco. The program receives $800,000 in funding from the Strong Workforce Program.
Learn More: City College of San Francisco Early Childhood & Special Education Apprenticeship
Sources:
City College of San Francisco. (n.d.). Early Childhood & Special Education Apprenticeship.
City College of San Francisco. (n.d.). Strong Workforce Program Strategic Plan 2020-2023
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Workforce Pathways LA Stipend Program
Workforce Pathways LA is a workforce development model administered by the Office for the Advancement of Early Care and Education in partnership with Quality Start Los Angeles (QSLA), which is a county wide quality improvement initiative. It is funded through a partnership between Los Angeles County and the California Department of Education, the California Department of Social Services, and First 5 California.
The Workforce Pathways LA Stipend Program creates financial incentives that help early educators obtain Child Development Permits or college degrees, including both associate and bachelor’s degrees. It aims to increase the skills and knowledge of early educators across the county, increase the number of early childhood professionals with Child Development Permits, and increase the number of professionals with degrees in early childhood. To be eligible, an educator must be working in a program that accepts some form of CA Early Learning subsidy.
Sources:
County of Los Angeles Office for the Advancement of Early Care and Education. (n.d.). Workforce Pathways LA.
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Program creates financial incentives that help early educators obtain Child Development Permits or college degrees
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Workforce Pathways LA is a workforce development model administered by the Office for the Advancement of Early Care and Education in partnership with Quality Start Los Angeles (QSLA), which is a county wide quality improvement initiative. It is funded through a partnership between Los Angeles County and the California Department of Education, the California Department of Social Services, and First 5 California.
The Workforce Pathways LA Stipend Program creates financial incentives that help early educators obtain Child Development Permits or college degrees, including both associate and bachelor’s degrees. It aims to increase the skills and knowledge of early educators across the county, increase the number of early childhood professionals with Child Development Permits, and increase the number of professionals with degrees in early childhood. To be eligible, an educator must be working in a program that accepts some form of CA Early Learning subsidy.
Sources:
County of Los Angeles Office for the Advancement of Early Care and Education. (n.d.). Workforce Pathways LA.
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Demographics Link copied!
Demographics Data Scorecard
State population
39,029,342 Source U.S. Census, 2022
Rural %
5.8% Source U.S. Census, 2020
Urban %
94.2% Source U.S. Census, 2020
Number of children 0–4
2,217,145 Source KIDS COUNT, 2021
Poverty levels - children 0—8 below 200% poverty
35% Source KIDS COUNT, 2021
Median family income among households with children
$93,600.00 Source KIDS COUNT, 2021
Unemployment rate
4.1% Source
Unemployment rate of parents
6% Source KIDS COUNT, 2021
Children under age 6 with all available parents in the labor force
65% Source KIDS COUNT, 2021
Children living in households with a high housing cost burden
40% Source KIDS COUNT, 2021
Child Population by Race and Ethnicity Source KIDS COUNT, 2021
Race and Ethnicity
- American Indian and Alaska Native (.5%)
- Asian (13%)
- Black or African American (5%)
- Hispanic or Latino (52%)
- Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander (.5%)
- Two or more races (5%)
- White, not Hispanic or Latino (24%)
| Year | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Governor | D | D | D | D | D |
| State House | D | D | D | D | D |
| State Senate | D | D | D | D | D |
Early Childhood Education Programs Link copied!
Early Childhood Education Programs
Public Pre-K Program Name Program Length: Half-day; minimum 2.5 hours/day during school year
California State Preschool Programs (CSPP) expanding to UPK and phasing in implementation of universal transitional kindergarten (UTK). Source: NIEER 2023
Universal or Targeted Pre-K Policy State Spending Per Child (Pre-K): $15,307
Transitioning from Targeted to Universal Pre-K Policy (4-year-olds) Source: NIEER 2023
Early Childhood Education Programs (3-Year-Olds) Source: NIEER 2023
Programs
- Percent of 3-Year-Old Children Enrolled in Public Early Childhood Education Programs (9%)
- 3-Year-old Children Enrolled in Head Start (7%)
- Other/None (84%)
Early Childhood Education Programs (4-Year-Olds) Source: NIEER 2023
Programs
- Percent of 4-Year-Old Children Enrolled in Public Early Childhood Education Programs (38%)
- 4-Year-old Children Enrolled in Head Start (6%)
- Other/None (56%)
Workforce Link copied!
2017–2019 Median Hourly Wages Source CSCCE 2018, 2020
Role
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Child Care Workers
$12.86 (2017, adjusted)
$13.43 (2019) -
Preschool Teachers
$16.93 (2017, adjusted)
$16.83 (2019) -
Preschool or Child Care Center Directors
$25.01 (2017, adjusted)
$24.78 (2019)
Funding Sources Link copied!
Federal and State Early Childhood Education Funding (in Millions) Source First Five Years Fund, 2022
Funding Source
- Head Start and Early Head Start Funding ($1300.0)
- CCDBG & Mandatory Funds ($829.4)
- CCDBG State Match ($157.2)
- CCDBG COVID Relief Allocations - CARES, CRRSE, ARPA (CCDF & Stabilization) ($5100.0)
- State-Funded Pre-K ($2000.0)
- MIECHV ($19.0)
- IDEA Part C ($79.2)
- IDEA Part B, Sec 619 ($79.2)
- TANF Early Learning and Care ($763)
- Preschool Development Grant Birth ($17.4)